Thomas Lee Abshier, ND
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Particle Spin
By: Thomas Lee Abshier, ND
When a moving electron encounters a magnetic field, it experiences a force at right
angles to its velocity and the B field vector.
· This force causes the electron to turn in the direction of a left handed screw.
· The Force on the moving electron is related to its velocity and the magnetic field
by the equation: F = qv x B
§ F = the Force vector (strength and direction) on a positron produced by the magnetic
field vector (units = newtons)
§ q = the number of charges (unit = coulombs)
§ v = the velocity vector (direction and speed) of the charge (units = m/sec)
B = the Magnetic field vector (magnitude and direction) acting on the charge (units
= newtons/coulomb-m/sec = Tesla)
Illustration – Elementary Particle Spin: The spin of the particle is an artifact.
Nothing in the charged particle actually spins. The charged particle appears to
spin because the magnetic field emitted by the particle causes a moving charge to
turn left or right in relationship to the B field. The magnetic field is a spherical
field of vectors which change direction at each angle è from North to South Pole.
· The force generated by the B field on a moving charge is by definition an E Field.
§ In other words, any force that acts on a charge and causes it to accelerate is
an E field.
- The radial E field generated by a charge on another charge is the Static E field.
- The Force on a charge acting perpendicular to the particle’s magnetic field is the
Dynamic E field.
· The equation representing the force generated by the Static E field is as follows:
FEstatic = qEstatic
§ q = the number of charges being acted on by an E field (coulombs)
§ E = the E field acting on the charge (newtons/coulomb)
§ FEstatic = the amount of force experienced by the charges as a result of the E
field acting on it.
· The equation representing the force of the Dynamic E Field is:
§ FEdynamic = qv x B
§ In this equation the “x” represents the vector cross product.
§ The cross product is defined as a mathematical operation where multiplication of
the magnitudes of two vectors perpendicular to each other produces a vector perpendicular
to the plane of those two vectors.
- Note: the cross product is a mathematical process that is used to represent physical
processes where a particle interacts with a field, and the resulting force is at
90° to the field.
- The mathematical model was created to provide a representational tool to describe
a physical process.
· Thus, the total E field force experienced by a test charge passing by a source
charge will be a combination of the force from the Static E field and Dynamic E field.
§ Etotal = Estatic + Edynamic
- Estatic = E field vector on a test charge due to the radial field emanating from
the source charge.
- Edynamic = E field vector due to the perpendicular force generated by the test charge
moving through the source charge’s magnetic field.
· The Spin of the electron and positron are identical in that they both have a North
and South Pole.
§ But, a + and - test charge will turn in opposite directions when they encounter
the same B field.
§ Thus, the B field provides a frame of reference. The charged particle will interact
in a predictable manner in response to the orientation of the B field.
- If the B field points in a particular direction, then the electron will move at 90°
in relationship to the magnetic field and the electron’s velocity.
- In response to that same B field, a positron will move in a direction 180° from the
velocity of the electron.
